【C#】【串口通信（Serial Port）】建议串口调试WinForm桌面应用实例——已实现功能<存在未知BUG>

  1 namespace WinFormsApp1   2 {   3     partial class Form1   4     {   5         /// <summary>   6         ///  Required designer variable.   7         /// </summary>   8         private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;   9   10         /// <summary>  11         ///  Clean up any resources being used.  12         /// </summary>  13         /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>  14         protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)  15         {  16             if (disposing && (components != null))  17             {  18                 components.Dispose();  19             }  20             base.Dispose(disposing);  21         }  22   23         #region Windows Form Designer generated code  24   25         /// <summary>  26         ///  Required method for Designer support - do not modify  27         ///  the contents of this method with the code editor.  28         /// </summary>  29         private void InitializeComponent()  30         {  31             this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();  32             this.btOpenSerial = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();  33             this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  34             this.label5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  35             this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  36             this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  37             this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  38             this.cbStop = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  39             this.comboBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  40             this.cbCheck = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  41             this.cbDataBits = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  42             this.cbBaudRate = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  43             this.cbSerialPort = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();  44             this.groupBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();  45             this.btSendData = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();  46             this.tbSendData = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();  47             this.groupBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();  48             this.rtbReceiveData = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();  49             this.lReceiveCount = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();  50             this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();  51             this.groupBox2.SuspendLayout();  52             this.groupBox3.SuspendLayout();  53             this.SuspendLayout();  54             //   55             // groupBox1  56             //   57             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btOpenSerial);  58             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label3);  59             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label5);  60             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label2);  61             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label4);  62             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label1);  63             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbStop);  64             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.comboBox3);  65             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbCheck);  66             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbDataBits);  67             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbBaudRate);  68             this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.cbSerialPort);  69             this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);  70             this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";  71             this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 160);  72             this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 0;  73             this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;  74             this.groupBox1.Text = "串口设置";  75             //   76             // btOpenSerial  77             //   78             this.btOpenSerial.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 112);  79             this.btOpenSerial.Name = "btOpenSerial";  80             this.btOpenSerial.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 26);  81             this.btOpenSerial.TabIndex = 2;  82             this.btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口";  83             this.btOpenSerial.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;  84             this.btOpenSerial.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btOpenSerial_Click);  85             //   86             // label3  87             //   88             this.label3.AutoSize = true;  89             this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 116);  90             this.label3.Name = "label3";  91             this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17);  92             this.label3.TabIndex = 1;  93             this.label3.Text = "停止位：";  94             //   95             // label5  96             //   97             this.label5.AutoSize = true;  98             this.label5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 74);  99             this.label5.Name = "label5"; 100             this.label5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17); 101             this.label5.TabIndex = 1; 102             this.label5.Text = "校验位："; 103             //  104             // label2 105             //  106             this.label2.AutoSize = true; 107             this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 74); 108             this.label2.Name = "label2"; 109             this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17); 110             this.label2.TabIndex = 1; 111             this.label2.Text = "波特率："; 112             //  113             // label4 114             //  115             this.label4.AutoSize = true; 116             this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 30); 117             this.label4.Name = "label4"; 118             this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 17); 119             this.label4.TabIndex = 1; 120             this.label4.Text = "数据位："; 121             //  122             // label1 123             //  124             this.label1.AutoSize = true; 125             this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 30); 126             this.label1.Name = "label1"; 127             this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(44, 17); 128             this.label1.TabIndex = 1; 129             this.label1.Text = "串口："; 130             //  131             // cbStop 132             //  133             this.cbStop.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; 134             this.cbStop.FormattingEnabled = true; 135             this.cbStop.Items.AddRange(new object[] { 136             "1", 137             "1.5", 138             "2"}); 139             this.cbStop.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 113); 140             this.cbStop.Name = "cbStop"; 141             this.cbStop.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 142             this.cbStop.TabIndex = 0; 143             //  144             // comboBox3 145             //  146             this.comboBox3.FormattingEnabled = true; 147             this.comboBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 113); 148             this.comboBox3.Name = "comboBox3"; 149             this.comboBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 150             this.comboBox3.TabIndex = 0; 151             //  152             // cbCheck 153             //  154             this.cbCheck.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; 155             this.cbCheck.FormattingEnabled = true; 156             this.cbCheck.Items.AddRange(new object[] { 157             "None", 158             "Odd", 159             "Even"}); 160             this.cbCheck.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(297, 71); 161             this.cbCheck.Name = "cbCheck"; 162             this.cbCheck.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 163             this.cbCheck.TabIndex = 0; 164             //  165             // cbDataBits 166             //  167             this.cbDataBits.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; 168             this.cbDataBits.FormattingEnabled = true; 169             this.cbDataBits.Items.AddRange(new object[] { 170             "5", 171             "6", 172             "7", 173             "8"}); 174             this.cbDataBits.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(297, 27); 175             this.cbDataBits.Name = "cbDataBits"; 176             this.cbDataBits.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 177             this.cbDataBits.TabIndex = 0; 178             //  179             // cbBaudRate 180             //  181             this.cbBaudRate.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; 182             this.cbBaudRate.FormattingEnabled = true; 183             this.cbBaudRate.Items.AddRange(new object[] { 184             "9600", 185             "19200", 186             "38400", 187             "57600", 188             "115200"}); 189             this.cbBaudRate.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 71); 190             this.cbBaudRate.Name = "cbBaudRate"; 191             this.cbBaudRate.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 192             this.cbBaudRate.TabIndex = 0; 193             //  194             // cbSerialPort 195             //  196             this.cbSerialPort.DropDownStyle = System.Windows.Forms.ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; 197             this.cbSerialPort.FormattingEnabled = true; 198             this.cbSerialPort.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 27); 199             this.cbSerialPort.Name = "cbSerialPort"; 200             this.cbSerialPort.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 25); 201             this.cbSerialPort.TabIndex = 0; 202             //  203             // groupBox2 204             //  205             this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.btSendData); 206             this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.tbSendData); 207             this.groupBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 178); 208             this.groupBox2.Name = "groupBox2"; 209             this.groupBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 88); 210             this.groupBox2.TabIndex = 1; 211             this.groupBox2.TabStop = false; 212             this.groupBox2.Text = "发送数据"; 213             //  214             // btSendData 215             //  216             this.btSendData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 36); 217             this.btSendData.Name = "btSendData"; 218             this.btSendData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 26); 219             this.btSendData.TabIndex = 2; 220             this.btSendData.Text = "发送数据"; 221             this.btSendData.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; 222             this.btSendData.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btSendData_Click); 223             //  224             // tbSendData 225             //  226             this.tbSendData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 39); 227             this.tbSendData.Name = "tbSendData"; 228             this.tbSendData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(187, 23); 229             this.tbSendData.TabIndex = 0; 230             //  231             // groupBox3 232             //  233             this.groupBox3.Controls.Add(this.rtbReceiveData); 234             this.groupBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 272); 235             this.groupBox3.Name = "groupBox3"; 236             this.groupBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(464, 172); 237             this.groupBox3.TabIndex = 2; 238             this.groupBox3.TabStop = false; 239             this.groupBox3.Text = "接收数据"; 240             //  241             // rtbReceiveData 242             //  243             this.rtbReceiveData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(22, 22); 244             this.rtbReceiveData.Name = "rtbReceiveData"; 245             this.rtbReceiveData.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBoxScrollBars.Vertical; 246             this.rtbReceiveData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(396, 144); 247             this.rtbReceiveData.TabIndex = 0; 248             this.rtbReceiveData.Text = ""; 249             //  250             // lReceiveCount 251             //  252             this.lReceiveCount.AutoSize = true; 253             this.lReceiveCount.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 447); 254             this.lReceiveCount.Name = "lReceiveCount"; 255             this.lReceiveCount.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(0, 17); 256             this.lReceiveCount.TabIndex = 3; 257             //  258             // Form1 259             //  260             this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(7F, 17F); 261             this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; 262             this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(488, 468); 263             this.Controls.Add(this.lReceiveCount); 264             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox3); 265             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox2); 266             this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1); 267             this.Name = "Form1"; 268             this.Text = "Form1"; 269             this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load); 270             this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false); 271             this.groupBox1.PerformLayout(); 272             this.groupBox2.ResumeLayout(false); 273             this.groupBox2.PerformLayout(); 274             this.groupBox3.ResumeLayout(false); 275             this.ResumeLayout(false); 276             this.PerformLayout(); 277  278         } 279  280         #endregion 281  282         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1; 283         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox2; 284         private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox3; 285         private System.Windows.Forms.Button btOpenSerial; 286         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3; 287         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label5; 288         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2; 289         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4; 290         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1; 291         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbStop; 292         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox3; 293         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbCheck; 294         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbDataBits; 295         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbBaudRate; 296         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cbSerialPort; 297         private System.Windows.Forms.Button btSendData; 298         private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox tbSendData; 299         private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox rtbReceiveData; 300         private System.Windows.Forms.Label lReceiveCount; 301     } 302 }

  1 using System;   2 using System.Collections.Generic;   3 using System.ComponentModel;   4 using System.Data;   5 using System.Drawing;   6 using System.Linq;   7 using System.Text;   8 using System.Threading.Tasks;   9 using System.Windows.Forms;  10 using System.IO.Ports;  11   12 namespace WinFormsApp1  13 {  14     public partial class Form1 : Form  15     {  16         SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();  17         public Form1()  18         {  19             InitializeComponent();  20         }  21   22         private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)  23         {  24             // 设置默认显示第几个选项  25             cbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 0;  26             cbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;  27             cbCheck.SelectedIndex = 0;  28             cbStop.SelectedIndex = 0;  29   30             // GetPortNames()获取所有串口名称  31             string[] serialPortNames = SerialPort.GetPortNames();  32             if (serialPortNames == null) // 本机端口共七个，均不可用  33             {  34                 MessageBox.Show("本机没有可使用串口！", "Error");  35                 return;  36             }  37             else  38             {// 将所有本机串口名遍历加入串口comboBox组件中  39                 foreach (string item in serialPortNames)  40                     cbSerialPort.Items.Add(item);  41   42             }  43             cbSerialPort.SelectedIndex = 1;  44   45             serialPort.BaudRate = 9600; // 设置选中串口的波特率  46             Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false; // 线程安全检查  47   48             //**  49             serialPort.DataReceived += SerialPortsDataReceived; // 事件函数，接受串口数据  50             //**  51   52             serialPort.DtrEnable = true; // 获取或设置数据终端就绪(DTR)信号  53             serialPort.RtsEnable = true; // 获取或设置启用请求发送(RTS)信号  54   55             serialPort.ReadTimeout = 1000; // 设置数据读取超时为1秒  56   57             serialPort.Close();  58         }  59   60         private void SerialPortsDataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)  61         {  62             if (serialPort.IsOpen) // 判断串口是否启用  63             {  64                 DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;  65                 rtbReceiveData.Text = dt.GetDateTimeFormats('f')[0].ToString() + "rn";  66                 try  67                 {  68                     // 创建字节数组，接收串口发送的数据  69                     Byte[] receivedData = new Byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];  70                     // 读取数据  71                     serialPort.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length);  72                     // 使用UTF8编码，保证中文不会乱码  73                     AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(receivedData));  74                 }  75                 catch (System.Exception ex)  76                 {  77                     MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误提示");  78                     // 捕获错误后，发送框置空  79                     tbSendData.Text = "";  80                 }  81             }  82             else  83                 MessageBox.Show("请打开某个串口", "错误提示");  84         }  85   86         private void AddContent(String Content)  87         {  88             this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate  89             {  90                 rtbReceiveData.AppendText(Content);  91                 rtbReceiveData.AppendText("rn");  92                 lReceiveCount.Text = (int.Parse(lReceiveCount.Text) + Content.Length).ToString();  93             }));  94         }  95   96         private void btOpenSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  97         {  98             if (!serialPort.IsOpen)  99             { 100                 try 101                 { 102                     // 设置串口号 103                     string serialName = cbSerialPort.SelectedItem.ToString(); 104                     serialPort.PortName = serialName; 105  106                     // ========================= 107                     string strBaudRate = cbBaudRate.Text; 108                     string strDataBits = cbDataBits.Text; 109                     string strCheckBits = cbCheck.Text; 110                     Double strStopBits = Convert.ToDouble(cbStop.Text); 111                     strStopBits = Math.Round(strStopBits, 1); 112                     //MessageBox.Show($"{cbCheck.Text}"); 113  114                     int iBaudRate; 115                     if (!int.TryParse(strBaudRate, out iBaudRate)) 116                     { 117                         MessageBox.Show("波特率参数不正确！", "错误"); 118                         return; 119                     } 120                     serialPort.BaudRate = iBaudRate; 121  122                     int iDataBits; 123                     if (!int.TryParse(strDataBits, out iDataBits)) 124                     { 125                         MessageBox.Show("数据位参数不正确！", "错误"); 126                         return; 127                     } 128                     serialPort.DataBits = iDataBits; 129  130                     switch (strStopBits) // 停止位 131                     { 132                         case 1.0: 133                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One; 134                             break; 135                         case 1.5: 136                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive; 137                             break; 138                         case 2.0: 139                             serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.Two; 140                             break; 141                         default: 142                             MessageBox.Show("Error：Stop参数不正确!", "Error"); 143                             return; 144                     } 145  146                     switch (strCheckBits) // 校验位 147                     { 148                         case "None": 149                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.None; 150                             break; 151                         case "Odd": 152                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.Odd; 153                             break; 154                         case "Even": 155                             serialPort.Parity = Parity.Even; 156                             break; 157                         default: 158                             MessageBox.Show("Error：Check参数不正确!", "Error"); 159                             return; 160                     } 161  162                     if (!serialPort.IsOpen) // 如果打开失败，则更新按钮文本为"打开串口" 163                         btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口"; 164                     else // 否则更新按钮文本为"关闭串口" 165                         btOpenSerial.Text = "关闭串口"; 166  167                     //设置必要控件不可用 168                     cbSerialPort.Enabled = false; 169                     cbBaudRate.Enabled = false; 170                     cbDataBits.Enabled = false; 171                     cbStop.Enabled = false; 172                     cbCheck.Enabled = false; 173  174                     serialPort.Open(); 175                 } 176                 catch (System.Exception ex) 177                 { 178                     MessageBox.Show("Error" + ex.Message, "Error"); 179                     return; 180                 } 181             } 182             else 183             { 184                 //恢复控件功能 185                 //设置必要控件不可用 186                 cbSerialPort.Enabled = true; 187                 cbBaudRate.Enabled = true; 188                 cbDataBits.Enabled = true; 189                 cbStop.Enabled = true; 190                 cbCheck.Enabled = true; 191                 serialPort.Close();                    //关闭串口 192                 btOpenSerial.Text = "打开串口"; 193             } 194         } 195  196         private void btSendData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 197         { 198             byte[] sendData = null; 199             if (!serialPort.IsOpen) //如果没打开 200             { 201                 MessageBox.Show("请先打开串口！", "Error"); 202                 return; 203             } 204             String strSend = tbSendData.Text; 205             try 206             { 207                 sendData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tbSendData.Text.Trim()); 208                 //sp1.WriteLine(txtSendStr.Text);    //写入数据 209                 serialPort.Write(sendData, 0, sendData.Length); 210             } 211             catch (Exception ex) 212             { 213                 MessageBox.Show("Error:" + ex.Message, "Error"); 214             } 215         } 216  217     } 218 }