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所属分类：linux技术
一、logstash使用
1.logstah收集文件日志
不难理解，我们的日志通常都是在日志文件中存储的，所以，当我们在使用INPUT插件时，收集日志，需要使用file模块，从文件中读取日志的内容，那么接下来讲解的是，将日志内容输出到另一个文件中，如此一来，我们可以将日志文件统一目录，方便查找。 注意：Logstash与其他服务不同，收集日志的配置文件需要我们根据实际情况自己去写。 前提：需要Logstash对被收集的日志文件有读的，并且对要写入的文件，有写入的权限。 2.配置logstash
#默认配置文件 [root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/logstash.yml #启动logstash回去读取conf.d下面的配置文件 path.config: /etc/logstash/conf.d 3.配置logstash收集文件日志到文件
1）配置
[root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/message.conf input { file { path => "/var/log/messages" start_position => "beginning" } } output { file { path => "/tmp/message_%{+YYYY.MM.dd}.log" } } 2）启动logstash
#先检查语法 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/message.conf -t #启动 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/message.conf & 3）查看新文件内容
[root@logstash ~]# tail /var/log/messages Jul 17 15:01:01 logstash systemd: Started Session 448 of user root. Jul 17 15:05:01 logstash systemd: Started Session 449 of user root. [root@logstash ~]# tail /tmp/message_2020.07.17.log {"@version":"1","path":"/var/log/messages","message":"Jul 17 15:01:01 logstash systemd: Started Session 448 of user root.","@timestamp":"2020-07-17T07:05:42.341Z","host":"logstash"} {"@version":"1","path":"/var/log/messages","message":"Jul 17 15:05:01 logstash systemd: Started Session 449 of user root.","@timestamp":"2020-07-17T07:05:42.341Z","host":"logstash"} 4.配置收集日志到ES
1）配置
[root@logstash tmp]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/message_es.conf input { file { path => "/var/log/messages" start_position => "beginning" } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "messages_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } 2）启动logstash
#先检查语法 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/message.conf -t #启动 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/message.conf & 启动多个logstash进程需要配置多个data目录，否则会出现这样的报错
[ERROR] 2020-07-20 11:59:22.363 [LogStash::Runner] Logstash - java.lang.IllegalStateException: Logstash stopped processing because of an error: (SystemExit) exit 5.启动logsstash多实例
1）创建多实例数据目录
[root@logstash ~]# mkdir /data/logstash/{message_file,secure_file} -p #授权目录logstash权限 [root@logstash ~]# chown -R logstash.logstash /data/logstash/ 2）启动多实例
#启动多实例要加一个参数 --path.data 指定多实例不同的数据目录 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/message_es.conf --path.data=/data/logstash/message_file & [root@logstash tmp]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/secure_es.conf --path.data=/data/logstash/secure_file & 6.单个进程收集多个日志
1）停掉原来的进程删掉索引
2）配置方式一：
[root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/double_es.conf input { file { type => "messages_log" path => "/var/log/messages" start_position => "beginning" } file { type => "secure_log" path => "/var/log/secure" start_position => "beginning" } } output { if [type] == "messages_log" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "messages_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } if [type] == "secure_log" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "secure_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } } 3）配置方式二：
[root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/doubles_es.conf input { file { type => "messages_log" path => "/var/log/messages" start_position => "beginning" } file { type => "secure_log" path => "/var/log/secure" start_position => "beginning" } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "%{type}_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } 4）启动
[root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/doubles_es.conf 二、收集tomcat日志
1.安装tomcat
#上传包 #安装java环境 #解压包 [root@logstash ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.30.tar.gz #移动并做软连接 [root@logstash ~]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.30 /usr/local/ [root@logstash ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.30 /usr/local/tomcat 2.启动tomcat
#配置一个页面 [root@logstash ~]# echo "test logstash log" > /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.html #启动 [root@logstash ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh [root@logstash ~]# netstat -lntp tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 84967/java 3.配置logstash收集tomcat日志
[root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/tomcat_es.conf input { file { path => "/usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.*.log" #input 插件不识别变量，日志只收集当天的，以前的日志文件第二天之后不会再写入，所以这里用* 就可以收集每天的日志。 start_position => "beginning" } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "tomcat_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } [root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/tomcat_access_es.conf input { file { path => "/usr/local/tomcat/logs/localhost_access_log.*.txt" start_position => "beginning" } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "tomcat_access_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } 4.启动
[root@logstash ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/tomcat_access_es.conf 5.收集tomcat错误日志
1）概念
当收集tomcat错误日志时，一条报错可能是很多行，收集到以后时很多条数据，查看时比较麻烦 #解决方式 1.跟开发协商，将tomcat日志格式改为json格式，直接收集即可 2.通过logstash的模块将日志合并 2）方式一：
#进入tomcat配置文件目录 [root@elkstack03 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf #编辑server配置文件 [root@elkstack03 conf]# vim server.xml #在138行，添加如下内容 <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="tomcat_access_log" suffix=".log" pattern="{"clientip":"%h","ClientUser":"%l","authenticated":"%u","AccessTime":"%t","method":"%r","status":"%s","SendBytes":"%b","Query?string":"%q","partner":"%{Referer}i","AgentVersion":"%{User-Agent}i"}"/> 3）方式二：
[root@logstash ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/tomcat_mutiline_es.conf input { file { type => "java_log" path => "/usr/local/tomcat/logs/localhost_access_log.*.txt" start_position => "beginning" codec => multiline { pattern => "^[" negate => true what => "previous" } } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["10.0.0.51:9200"] index => "tomcat_mutiline_%{+YYYY-MM-dd}.log" } } #注释： [root@elkstack03 ~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/java.conf input { stdin { codec => multiline { #当遇到[开头的行时候将多行进行合并 pattern => "^[" #true为匹配成功进行操作，false为不成功进行操作 negate => true #与上面的行合并，如果是下面的行合并就是next what => "previous" }} } output { stdout { codec => rubydebug } } 
