再有人问你抽象工厂设计模式,把这篇文章丢给他

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所属分类:.NET技术
摘要

抽象工厂模式为创建一组对象提供了一种解决方案。与工厂方法模式相比,抽象工厂模式中的具体工厂不只是创建一种产品,它负责创建一组产品。抽象工厂模式定义如下:


概述

抽象工厂模式为创建一组对象提供了一种解决方案。与工厂方法模式相比,抽象工厂模式中的具体工厂不只是创建一种产品,它负责创建一组产品。抽象工厂模式定义如下:

抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory Pattern):提供一个创建一系列相关或相互依赖对象的接口,而无须指定它们具体的类。抽象工厂模式又称为Kit模式,它是一种对象创建型模式。

描述需求

分别往SQLserver、mysql、sqliter数据库中添加用户和部门数据。

抽象工厂实现代码

   /// <summary>     /// 顶层抽象工厂     /// </summary>     public interface IFacatory     {         IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser();         IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment();     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体工厂     /// </summary>     public class SqlliteFacatory : IFacatory     {         public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()         {             return  new SqlliteDepartment();         }         public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()         {             return new SqliteUser();         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体工厂     /// </summary>     public class MysqlFacatory : IFacatory     {         public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()         {             return new MysqlDepartment();         }         public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()         {             return new MysqlUser();         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体工厂     /// </summary>     public class SqlserverFacatory : IFacatory     {         public IDatabaseDepartment GetDatabaseDepartment()         {             return new SqlServerDepartment();         }         public IDatabaseUser GetDatabaseUser()         {             return new SqlServerUser();         }     }

    /// <summary>     /// 用户类     /// </summary>     public class User     {         public string  Name { get; set; }         public int Id { get; set; }     }     /// <summary>     /// 抽象的产品     /// </summary>     public interface IDatabaseUser     {         void InsertUser(User user);         User GetUser(int id);     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class SqlServerUser: IDatabaseUser     {         public void InsertUser(User user)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerUser:{user.Name}");         }         public User GetUser(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的用户");             return null;         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class MysqlUser : IDatabaseUser     {         public void InsertUser(User user)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlUser:{user.Name}");         }         public User GetUser(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的用户");             return null;         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class SqliteUser : IDatabaseUser     {         public void InsertUser(User user)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqliteUser:{user.Name}");         }         public User GetUser(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的用户");             return null;         }     }

   /// <summary>     /// 部门类     /// </summary>     public class Department     {         public string Name { get; set; }         public int Id { get; set; }     }     /// <summary>     /// 抽象的产品     /// </summary>     public interface IDatabaseDepartment     {         void InsertDepartment(Department department);         Department GetDepartment(int id);     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class SqlServerDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment     {         public void InsertDepartment(Department  department)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlServerDepartment部门:{department.Name}");         }         public Department GetDepartment(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的部门");             return null;         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class MysqlDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment     {         public void InsertDepartment(Department department)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了MysqlDepartment部门:{department.Name}");         }         public Department GetDepartment(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的部门");             return null;         }     }     /// <summary>     /// 具体的产品     /// </summary>     public class SqlliteDepartment : IDatabaseDepartment     {         public void InsertDepartment(Department department)         {             Console.WriteLine($"插入了SqlliteDepartment部门:{department.Name}");         }         public Department GetDepartment(int id)         {             Console.WriteLine($"获取了Id:{id}的部门");             return null;         }     }

//C#控制台调用 Console.WriteLine("抽象工厂"); User user = new(); user.Name = "mhg"; user.Id = 1; //变化点 IFacatory facatory=new SqlserverFacatory(); //MysqlFacatory //SqlliteFacatory IDatabaseUser databaseUser = facatory.GetDatabaseUser(); databaseUser.InsertUser(user); databaseUser?.GetUser(user.Id); Department department = new Department(); department.Name = "研发部"; department.Id = 2; IDatabaseDepartment databaseDepartment=  facatory.GetDatabaseDepartment(); databaseDepartment.InsertDepartment(department);     databaseDepartment?.GetDepartment(department.Id);

以上就用抽象工厂实现的全部代码,该代码中IFacatory做为抽象工厂,SqlserverFacatory、MysqlFacatory、SqliteFacatory作为具体的产品工厂来生产产品;IDatabaseUser和IDatabaseDepartment为抽象的产品分别生产具体的产品SqlServerUser、MysqlUser、SqliteUser和SqlServerDepartment、MysqlDepartment、SqlliteDepartment。

总结

这个需求也可以用工厂模式实现,但每增加一个产品,就必须增加一个工厂类,而用抽象工厂可以缩减创建子类工厂的数量,不必给每一个产品增加工厂类,可以对产品进行分组,每组中的不同产品由同一个工厂类的不同方法来创建。